The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old client. Among Erikson’s Stages of Development, which of the following stages of development would the nurse expect this client to be in?
The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old client. Among Erikson’s Stages of Development, which of the following stages of development would the nurse expect this client to be in?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
[64%]
B. Industry vs. Inferiority
[4%]
C. Trust vs. Mistrust
[22%]
D. Initiative vs. Guilt
[11%]
Statistics
Subject/Lesson
Subject
Child Health
Lesson
Growth & Development
Client Need
Test Plan
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Related Topic
Development Stages and Transitions
Item Type
Item Type
Knowledge/Comprehension
Explanation
Choice A is correct. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt is the typical stage of development for early childhood, which lasts from ages 2 to 3 years, so this is what the nurse would expect for a 2-year-old client. In Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, children seek to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and knowledge of independence. When they are successful, for example, with a task like toilet training, they feel independent, and it leads to a sense of autonomy. When they are not successful, they think they are a failure which then results in shame and self-doubt.
Choice B is incorrect. Industry vs. Inferiority is the typical stage of development for school-age children, who are 6 to 11-year-olds. In this stage, children need to cope with new social and academic demands. When they are successful with this, they feel competent and achieve more. When they are not successful, they experience failure, and it results in inferiority.
Choice C is incorrect. Trust vs. Mistrust is the typical stage of development for infancy, which lasts from birth to 18 months. In this stage, children develop a sense of confidence when caregivers provide reliability, care, and affection. When infants do not have that, they will develop mistrust.
Choice D is incorrect. Initiative vs. Guilt is the typical stage of development for preschool children, who are 3 to 5-year-olds. In Initiative vs. guilt, children start to assert control and power over their environment. Success leads to initiative when they feel a sense of purpose, but children who try to exert too much power and experience disapproval end up feeling guilty.
Related Videos
3 Key Topics
Toddler Growth and Development
