The nurse is performing a psychosocial assessment on a 2-month-old infant. Which of the following psychosocial stages would be expected from this client?
The nurse is performing a psychosocial assessment on a 2-month-old infant. Which of the following psychosocial stages would be expected from this client?
A. Initiative vs. Guilt
[2%]
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Self Doubt
[5%]
C. Trust vs. Mistrust
[91%]
D. Industry vs. Inferiority
[2%]
Statistics
Subject/Lesson
Subject
Child Health
Lesson
Growth & Development
Client Need
Test Plan
Health Promotion and Maintenance
Related Topic
Development Stages and Transitions
Item Type
Item Type
Knowledge/Comprehension
Explanation
Choice C is correct. Trust vs. Mistrust is the typical stage of development for infancy, which lasts from birth to 18 months. This is the stage the nurse would expect for a 2-month-old client. In this stage, children develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliability, care, and affection. When infants do not have that, they will build Mistrust.
Choice A is incorrect. Initiative vs. Guilt is the typical stage of development for preschool children, who are 3 to 5-year-olds, so this is incorrect for your 2-month-old client. In Initiative vs. Guilt, children assert control and power over their environment. Success leads to initiative when they feel a sense of purpose, but children who try to exert too much power and experience disapproval end up feeling guilty.
Choice B is incorrect. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt is the typical stage of development for early childhood, which lasts from 18 months to 3 years old, so this is not what the nurse would expect for a 2-month-old client. In Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, children seek to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and knowledge of independence. When they are successful, for example, with a task like toilet training, they feel independent, leading to a sense of autonomy. When they are unsuccessful, they think they are a failure, resulting in shame and self-doubt.
Choice D is incorrect. Industry vs. Inferiority is the typical stage of development for school-age children, who are 5 to 13-year-olds, so this is incorrect for your 2-month-old client. Children need to cope with new social and academic demands at this stage. When they succeed, they feel competent and achieve the industry. When they are not successful, they handle failure, resulting in Inferiority.
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3 Key Topics
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14.7 Infant Growth and Development
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