A nurse is conducting a discharge teaching session for parents of a newborn infant diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia. The nurse explains the importance of monitoring the newborn for signs of kernicterus.
Which of the following signs or symptoms should the nurse include in the teaching session as indicative of kernicterus?
A nurse is conducting a discharge teaching session for parents of a newborn infant diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia. The nurse explains the importance of monitoring the newborn for signs of kernicterus.
Which of the following signs or symptoms should the nurse include in the teaching session as indicative of kernicterus?
A. Jaundice progressing from the head downward
[41%]
B. Poor feeding and lethargy
[38%]
C. Rapid breathing and cyanosis
[8%]
D. Excessive crying and irritability
[14%]
Statistics
Subject/Lesson
Subject
Child Health
Lesson
Neurologic
Client Need
Test Plan
Reduction of Risk Potential
Related Topic
Potential for Alterations in Body Systems
Item Type
Item Type
Knowledge/Comprehension
Explanation
Choice B is correct. Kernicterus is a serious complication of severe hyperbilirubinemia in newborns, characterized by the deposition of bilirubin in the brain. Signs and symptoms of kernicterus include neurological manifestations such as poor feeding, lethargy, and, later on, hypertonia, opisthotonos, and seizures.
Choice A is incorrect. Jaundice progressing from the head downward is a common presentation of physiological jaundice in newborns and does not specifically indicate kernicterus. Physiological jaundice often starts at the head and progresses downwards over the body, which is why it is described as "jaundice progressing from the head downward." It is considered a normal phenomenon in newborns as their liver gradually becomes more efficient at processing bilirubin. Unlike physiological jaundice, kernicterus is not a normal or benign condition. It is a medical emergency that requires prompt treatment to prevent brain damage and potential long-term complications.
Choice C is incorrect. Rapid breathing and cyanosis are not typically associated with kernicterus, but rather with respiratory or cardiovascular issues.
Choice D is incorrect. Excessive crying and irritability are nonspecific signs that can occur in newborns for various reasons and do not specifically indicate kernicterus.
Related Videos
2 Key Topics
Jaundice
31.2 Early Newborn Complications
Additional Info
✓ Phototherapy is the primary treatment for neonatal jaundice, including cases that may progress to kernicterus. During phototherapy, the newborn is exposed to special blue lights that help convert bilirubin into a form that can be excreted from the body more easily. This treatment helps reduce bilirubin levels in the blood and prevent further accumulation in the brain.
✓ Complications of kernicterus:
- Cerebral palsy
- Hearing loss
- Problems with vision
- Problems with teeth
- Intellectual disabilities
✓ Close monitoring of the newborn's bilirubin levels and clinical status is essential during treatment for kernicterus. Nurses and healthcare providers monitor vital signs, neurological status, feeding patterns, and hydration levels to ensure the baby's well-being.
